Nope!
AlienDalvik aka AAS (Android AppSupport) and Waydroid are solely based on AOSP (Google’s Android Open Source Project).
And some of those fixes can be passed on by sailfishos, others can’t (yet.)
No.
As @yomark already pointed out all of AlienDalvik aka AAS (Android AppSupport) and Waydroid can be updated by their maintainers.
Updating the stock sony firmware for a device does a ton of stuff, much of it not directly tied to android.
Firmware blobs are not at all “tied” to Android: They are … well, firmware for various microprocessors aside the CPU.