Actually, based on my tests it seems to be even more complicated than that.
Without the patch applied, if I call my XA2/SFOS 4.3 (or Jolla1 OS 3.4) from the iPhone 6s (both phones with Polish T-Mobile SIM cards), the call never gets rejected and always comes back and rings again after a few seconds, and only if I reject it another time it eventually terminates with “quick busy” error tone.
But if I call my XA2 (or Jolla1, both still without the patch) from Nokia Lumia 920 (Windows Phone 8.1, also with T-Mobile SIM card, i.e. same operator as above) then the call DOES get rejected right away, but still with that “quick busy” tone rather than being forwarded to voicemail as it should. I tested it literally dozens of times, always with same results.
So it is not only the network/operator, but additionally also different phone models react differently.
Anyway, with the patch applied, no matter what network and what calling phone model, the call ALWAYS gets hung up and transferred to voice mail, just like it should. So the patch is a 100% fix and I guess that it’ll be useful for everyone and should be officially included in the OS, it’s just that some people haven’t yet had an opportunity to try to reject a call originating from a specific operator and phone model (i.e. that specific combination that trigger this bug) and that’s why they haven’t reproduced this problem yet. But one day they will.