How to setupt carddav to only sync one folder/How to delete synced contacts locally after sync-account is removed?

Guessing the groupware software from the URI you mentioned, you can probably visit “Contacts” in the global settings area and configure DAV access there for every address book you have access to.
Other than that, I have no idea where I would configure this on the client side. While you can choose to subscribe to individual DAV calendars on a server (or: not to …), I don’t know of any such functionality for contacts. I hope I am wrong!